临床药理学(clinical pharmacology)是基础医学与临床医学、药学与医学联系的桥梁学科,是研究药物与人体相互作用及其规律的一门重要学科。它以药学与临床医学为基础,阐述药物代谢动力学(简称药动学)、药物效应动力学(简称药效学)、药物不良反应及药物相互作用的规律等。其主要任务为通过临床药理学研究对药物的有效性与安全性作出科学评价,指导临床合理用药;且为新药开发、药品管理、提高医疗质量和医药研究水平起着重要指导作用。
Clinical pharmacology is the science of drugs and their clinical use. It is underpinned by the basic science of pharmacology, with added focus on the application of pharmacological principles and methods in the real world. It has a broad scope, from the discovery of new target molecules, to the effects of drug usage in whole populations.
Clinical pharmacology connects the gap between medical practice and laboratory science. The main objective is to promote the safety of prescription, maximise the drug effects and minimise the side effects. It is important that there be association with pharmacistsskilled in areas of drug information, medication safety and other aspects of pharmacy practice related to clinical pharmacology.
Clinical pharmacologists usually have a rigorous medical and scientific training which enables them to evaluate evidence and produce new data through well designed studies. Clinical pharmacologists must have access to enough outpatients for clinical care, teaching and education, and research as well be supervised by medical specialists. Their responsibilities to patients include, but are not limited to analyzing adverse drug effects, therapeutics, and toxicology including reproductive toxicology, cardiovascular risks, perioperative drug management and psychopharmacology.
In addition, the application of genetic, biochemical, or virotherapeutical techniques has led to a clear appreciation of the mechanisms involved in drug action.
Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Anhui Medical University was founded in 1984.
Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University is now standing director unit of Chinese Pharmacological Society (CPS); chairman unit of clinical pharmacological committee, CPS; vice-chairman unit of anti-inflammatory and immunological pharmacology committee, CPS. And is Editor-in-Chief unit of Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, Board members unit of Acta Pharmacol Sin, Editor-in-Chief unit of textbook “Clinical Pharmacology” (national programming teaching material for undergraduates), Board members unit of textbook “ Basic and Clinical Pharmacology” (National programming teaching materials for postgraduates).
The institute assumes main responsibility of the teaching works of clinical pharmacology for undergraduates of clinical medicine speciality, and the teaching tasks of basic and clinical pharmacology, molecular pharmacology, methodology of pharmacological experiment for masters’ candidate and doctoral candidate of the whole university. Since 2002, One Post Doctor has been trained, 39 students have been granted Ph.D. degrees and 40 students have been granted master's degrees.
Recently, The Institute has conducted many important key projects successively, such as Natural Science Foundation of China, National 863 Items, National Science and Technology Creative Item, Science and Technology Important Particularly Item of Anhui Province, Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province, Clinic Research for New drugs etc. It has long undertook fundamental research and application research in anti-inflammatory and immunological pharmacology and clinical pharmacology. Research projects include the pathological mechanisms of the rheumatoid arthritis, hepatic injury and tumor, as well as pharmacological actions and mechanisms of the drugs, which have been fruitfully carried out. Especially, the institute has obtained remarkable achievement in study of cellular signal transduction mechanisms and drug targets in the arthritis synovial cell, liver astrocyte and hepatoma carcinoma cell. It has played an important role in the development of many clinical pharmacokinetics and randomized, double-blind, controlled, multi-center clinical trial, which make important contribution to the new drugs research and diseases treatment in China.
More than 300 research papers have appeared in national and international scientific journals, such as J Pineal Res, J Hepatol, Eur J Pharmacol, Arthritis Care Res, Inflamm Res, Life Sci, Int Immunopharmacol, Acta Pharmacol Sin, Hepatol Res, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, Toxicology, Toxicol Sci,Free Radic Biol Med, Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, Progress in Physiological Sciences. And more than 10 academic works and teaching materials have been compiled. The institute emphasises on the research and development of total glucosides of peony (indication for rheumatoid arthritis), which is the first anti-inflammatory and immunological regulation drug . Many natural products such as astragalosides, glucosides of cheanomeles speciosa and Shaoqiduogan also have been well studied.
临床药理学(clinical pharmacology)是基础医学与临床医学、药学与医学联系的桥梁学科,是研究药物与人体相互作用及其规律的一门重要学科。它以药学与临床医学为基础,阐述药物代谢动力学(简称药动学)、药物效应动力学(简称药效学)、药物不良反应及药物相互作用的规律等。其主要任务为通过临床药理学研究对药物的有效性与安全性作出科学评价,指导临床合理用药;且为新药开发、药品管理、提高医疗质量和医药研究水平起着重要指导作用。
安徽医科大学前身是上海东南医学院,创建于1926年,1949年内迁至安徽怀远县,成为安徽省第一所高等医学院校,1952年迁至省会合肥市,改名为安徽医学院,1996年6月经国家教委批准,更名为安徽医科大学。学校占地1296亩,建筑总面积约70余万平方米。建校以来共培养医学人才38000余人,现在校学生16800余人,其中硕士生1478人,博士生122人,学校获准招收港澳台地区本科生、研究生和外国留学生。
建校以来药理学科一直是学校的主要学科之一,承担了全校的药理学教学任务。学科自1956年开始招收研究生,1978年被国务院学位委员会批准为硕士学位授权学科,1986、2002、2008年分别成为首批、第二批和第三批安徽省重点学科,1990年被批准为博士学位授权学科,是安徽省属高校第一个博士学位授权学科(1997、2006年分别通过了国务院学位委员会办公室组织的定期评估),2003年成为国家博士后(药学)科研流动站,2005年成为药学一级学科硕士授权学科,2011年成为药学一级学科博士授权学科。
本教研室创建于1984年,为我国临床药理学的创始单位之一。著名临床药理学家徐叔云教授等老一辈专家就进行了严谨、细致的临床药理学的教学研究和实践工作。1986年起安徽医科大学临床药理研究所即为卫生部临床药理基地,1999年成为国家药品临床研究基地,按照GCP要求,先后建立了二十多个国家一、二、四类新药人体内分析方法,完成了多个国家一、二、三、四类新药的临床研究工作,开展了大量的药物对人疾病状态下组织、器官和生物样本作用及其机制研究,推动了我国临床药理学的发展,为实践教学积累了丰富的经验。
多年来,本单位高度重视临床药理学教材和相关著作建设,徐叔云教授主编了我国第一部临床药理学著作《临床药理20讲》(1975年,安徽科技出版社)、主编大型参考书《临床药理学》(上、下册)(1983年,1986年,上海科技出版社),为我国的临床药理学知识的普及、提高、科学研究和新药临床评价以及指导临床合理用药起到了重要作用;主编的《药理实验方法学》获全国优秀科技图书一等奖,(1982年第一版,1991年第二版,2003年第三版,2010年第四版,人民卫生出版社)。本教研室还相继主编了全国规划教材《临床药理学》(1989年第一版,1999年第二版,2004年第三版,2008年第四版,人民卫生出版社,获国家优秀图书二等奖);1996年主编了《现代实用临床药理学》(华夏出版社); 2003年主编了国家九五重点科技图书《中华临床药物学》(人民卫生出版社),主编《临床药理学新论》(人民卫生出版社);2004年《临床药理学》获得安徽省省级精品课程;2008年主译《临床药理学原理》(第二版)(科学出版社出版)。2008年《临床药理学》获国家级精品课程,为留学生教育打下了坚实的基础。本单位现为中国药理学会临床药理专业委员会主任委员单位,在临床药理学教学科研领域具有显著优势。
安徽医科大学药理学于50年代就开始招收研究生,注重基础与临床结合的药理学研究与教学工作。1989年在国内较早在临床医学本科生和研究生开设《临床药理学》课程,2000年后,美容康复专业、影响麻醉专业等本科生,七年制医学生也相继将《临床药理学》作为学位课程。每年有1000~1200学生进行《临床药理学》课程学习,每周6学时。经过三十多年的教学实践,《临床药理学》课程逐步形成了独特的教学内容和形式,并带动《药理实验方法学》、《基础与临床药理学》、《分子药理学》和《专业英语》等多项教学理论与实践的发展,形成了理论、示教和实践三个教学环节的系统结合。为了保证教学质量和效果,2010年开始本课程从大学五年级调整到大学三年级学习,使学生在进入临床实习阶段充分实践临床合理用药,更好的掌握疾病的药物治疗和观察药物疗效与不良反应。2010年,药理学硕士博士研究生开设了英文《临床药理学》课程,2012年成为我校就读本科临床医学留学生的学位课程。几十年来,在学校领导的关心指导下,临床药理研究所临床药理教研室从仅几名教师发展到数十名高年资、高学历专业教师,从简陋的教学设备到拥有先进的多媒体设施和教学网络,从单一本科生的临床药理学教学到多专业、多学科、多层次及留学生的教学体系。
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